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#HOW TO CHANGE ENDNOTE CITATIONS TO SUPERSCRIPT PDF#
#HOW TO CHANGE ENDNOTE CITATIONS TO SUPERSCRIPT ISO#

The Reference tag contains a Link tag that includes the text, Note 1, and the Annotation. In the screenshot below, the reference, Note 1, is linked to a footnote. A properly structured Link tag contains both the text for the Link and the Annotation. In turn, the Reference tag will live inside a Paragraph (or, perhaps, an LBody, for example). When the reference links to notes at the bottom of the page, or to the endnote, tag the Link inside the Reference tag.

If the Footnote or Endnote Contains a Link Keep in mind proper nesting – there should be Paragraph tags as parents for the Note tags.

Endnotes: because endnotes occur at the end of the document, their Note tags should be placed in the Tags tree according to the endnote’s location in the physical view.

Instead, move the Note tag after the Paragraph tag, even if it means the note appears on the following page.

Caution: If a paragraph or list item spans across multiple pages, do not break the Paragraph, LBody or List tag at the end of one page to insert the Note tag before the page break.

Use this option if the same footnote is referred to multiple times on the page.

Place the Note tag (in a P) as the last tag for the page where it appears in the physical view.

If a footnote is referenced in a table’s header cell, add the note in a Paragraph tag below the table in the Tags tree.

Do not move Note tags inside TH cells in data tables.

If the same footnote is used to more than once in a document, do not use this option.

The advantage of this choice is that it places the note text closer in the reading order to where it is referenced.

When a list refers to a note, move the Note tag inside the LBody, placing it after the text in the LBody.

Place the Note tag in the Tags tree (in a P tag), immediately after the Paragraph tag that references it.Here are some suggestions and things to consider: Though your organization’s policies may provide guidance, oftentimes it comes down to the remediator’s choice. Determining the reading order often proves more challenging. When it comes to footnotes or endnotes, tagging the References and Notes is often the simple part. Determining the Reading Order for Footnotes and Endnotes Again, CommonLook PDF’s Fix Wizard accomplishes this more efficiently than in Acrobat alone. PDF/UA requires a unique ID for each Note tag.

The process of setting the placement is quick and easy with CommonLook PDF’s Fix Wizard. However, according to PDF/UA, if its placement value is “Block,” then the Note tag does not need to be placed inside a P tag.

#HOW TO CHANGE ENDNOTE CITATIONS TO SUPERSCRIPT ISO#

According to ISO 32000-1, Note tags are Inline-Level Structure Elements, so they need to go in a Block-Level element, like a P. In the screenshot below, the Note tag is a child of a Paragraph tag. The Span tag can help to keep things organized. For example, the WCAG standards (both 2.0 and 2.1) do not require Lbl or Span tag use inside the Note tags. Various standards have different requirements for tagging Notes. Of course, there are additional things to consider. The text of the footnote is placed in a Span tag. Ordinarily, the number is placed in a Label (Lbl) tag. A Note tag contains it all, but there may be sub-structures inside. Tagging the note itself, what the reference points to, has several parts. Notice that the Reference tag is in the Paragraph tag with the rest of the paragraph’s text. The superscript number 2 is highlighted at the end of a paragraph in the physical view. The screenshot below shows a Reference tag in the Tags tree with the number 2 inside it. In each instance of a footnote or endnote, the superscript number is placed within a Reference tag. Endnotes show up at the end of the document. For footnotes, the second part is the note itself, which appears at the bottom of the page. The first part is the superscript number in the main body of the document. There are two separate components to tagging footnotes or endnotes. Likewise, the main body of the document can be a paragraph, list or table, though we will primarily use paragraph in this article.

We use “number” when discussing superscript characters, but you can use other characters like letters or symbols.

These guidelines will change when version 2 of those standards is fully released, implemented and supported.

#HOW TO CHANGE ENDNOTE CITATIONS TO SUPERSCRIPT PDF#

The guidance and suggestions offered in this article are for version 1 of the PDF standard (ISO 32000) and version 1 of PDF/UA.

This article provides guidance on tagging and offers suggestions and options to consider when determining the tags’ reading order in the Tags tree. A question that often comes up in our PDF remediation classes is, “how do you tag footnotes or endnotes?”